Submissions

Author Guidelines

Structure of article
Subdivision
The article should be clearly divided into sections. Each subsection should include a title in a separate line. Subsections should be used as often as possible so that the author could refer to subsections rather than whole article.
Introduction
State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.
Materials and methods
Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described.
Results
Results should be clear and concise. SI units should be used.
Discussion
That section should extend, not repeat, the importance of the study results. It is often appropriate combine Results and Discussion. Extensive quotations and published literature analyses should be avoided in this section.
Conclusion
The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a this section. It may stand alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results sections.

Title page – necessary information
Title in English (up to 150 characters – including letters and spaces). Concise and informative. Titles are often used in databases and information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
A short title to be placed in the heading, not longer than 40 characters (including letters and spaces).
Author names and affiliations (authors’ full name(s) and family name(s) – first name, initial of the second name, family name). If the name is ambiguous (e.g. hyphenated name), please take due account. Authors’ full affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name. Provide the full name of the institution(s) or unit(s) where the work was done.
Corresponding author should be clearly indicated to handle correspondence at all stages of publication, also post-publication. Ensure that telephone and fax numbers (with country and area code) are provided in addition to the e-mail address and the complete postal address. Data must be valid.
Valid/permanent address If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a 'Present address' (or 'Permanent address') may be indicated as a footnote. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.

Abstract
A concise and factual abstract is required in  English (250 characters each) where the author states briefly the purpose of the research, principal results and major conclusions. An should be so designed that it can be presented separately. Avoid references, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Non-standard or uncommon abbreviations can be used, but must be defined at their first mention.
For original articles only, it is necessary for the abstract to be divided into five sections:
Introduction, Aim, Materials and methods, Results, Conclusion
Data stated in the abstract must also occur in the text and tables.

Key words
Five keywords or short phrases in Polish and English should be placed at the bottom of the title page. It is suggested that terms according to Index Medicus (Medical Subject Headings) should be used. Key words may not be a repetition of the title
Abbreviations
Each abbreviation, both English and Polish, should be defined at its first use, whether in the main text or abstract. Abbreviations should be consistent throughout the text. If there is a large number of terms, a separate glossary may be used.

Acknowledgements
Place acknowledgements at the end of the article before the references, in a separate section. Please, do not place them in the beginning of the text, on the title page. List those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing help in access to data, proofreading, linguistic revision, etc.).

Artwork
Electronic artwork
General points
Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
Text should be saved as illustration or font enclosed
The only accepted fonts are: Arial, Courier, Times, Symbol.
Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text – figures with Arabic numerals, tables with Roman numerals
References must be made in the text to particular illustrations and tables.
Provide a list of illustrations in a separate file.
Submit each illustration as a separate file.

Format
Regardless of the application used, when your electronic artwork isfinalized, please 'Save as' or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):
EPS: vector drawings; embed all used fonts or save thefile as “graphics”.
TIFF: Colour or grayscale photographs (halftones), keep to a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF: Bitmapped line drawings, keep to a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF: Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (colour or grayscale), keep to a minimum of 500 dpi.
If the electronic version of the artwork is made in Microsoft Office (Word, PowerPoint, Excel), its format should not be changed.

Please do not:
Supply files in GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG formats as their resolution is low.
Supply files that are too low in resolution.
Submit graphics that are disproportionately large.
Figure captions
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions in a separate file in Polish and English. A caption should comprise a brief title and a description of the illustration Keep text in the illustrations to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.

Tables
The sequence of tables should be consistent with the sequence of the text. Place any table notes below the table body. Vertical rulers should be avoided. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article.

References
Citation in text
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications
are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list, they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include the publication date. Citation of a reference as ‘in press press’ implies that the item has been accepted for publication.
Web references
As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.
References in a special issue
Please ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.
Reference style
Text: each reference should be marked in the text with an Arabic numeral in a square bracket (no superscript or subscript).
List: references should be arranged in the order of their occurrence in the text.
Examples:
Up to six authors:
1. Lanita R, Kluger J, Drayer DE, Koffler D, Reidenberg MM. Antibodies to nuclear antigens in patients treated with procainamide or acetylprocainamide. N Engl J Med 1979;301:1382-5.

More than six authors:
2. Parkin AE, Clay BC, Beta MR, Alfa T, Teta K, Roberts M, et al. Leukaemia problems in Europe. Ann Transplant 1991;24:1050-3.

Institution as an author:
3. The Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand. Clinical exercise stress testing. Safety and performance guidelines. Med. J Aust 1996;164:282-4.

No authors:
4. Cancer in South Africa [editorial]. S Afr Med. J 1994;84:115

Books and monographs; one or more authors:
5. Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerontology and leadership skills for nurses. 2nd ed. Albany (NY): Delmar Publishers; 1996
Editor(s) as an author:
6. Norman IJ, Redfern SJ, editors. Menthal health care for elderly people. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1996.

For more information see ‘Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts submitted to Biomedical Journals’ (J Am Med Assoc 1997;277:927–34) (see also
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html).

Sources of journal abbreviations
Journal abbreviations should be consistent with the list in Index Medicus http://www.nlm.nih.gov/tsd/serials/lji.html;
List of title word abbreviations: http://www.issn.org/2-22661-LTWA-online.php; CAS (Chemical Abstracts): http://www.cas.org/sent.html.