Comparison of dose distributions for 6MV and 15MV energy for Total Body Irradiation (TBI).
PDF (Język Polski)

How to Cite

Kowalik, A. N., Koper, T., Adamczyk, S., & Malicki, J. (2019). Comparison of dose distributions for 6MV and 15MV energy for Total Body Irradiation (TBI). Letters in Oncology Science, 16(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.21641/los.16.1.90

Abstract

Introduction
            Contemporary radiotherapy uses a number of highly specialized irradiation techniques dedicated to well-defined clinical diagnoses. Among these methods are techniques to irradiate the skin (TSEI), bone marrow (TMI) or the whole body of the patient (TBI).
TBI has over the last century been used in the treatment of a variety of conditions, both benign and malignant. However, its importance has increased with the development of knowledge about the impact of ionizing radiation on the human body and the development of clinical dosimetry techniques. At present, however, this method is primarily used in the treatment of hyperplasia.


Aim
            The general aim of the study is to compare dose distributions at selected points of the anthropomorphic phantom under full body radiation conditions for X: 6MV and 15MV radiation.
Specific objectives are defined: comparison of percent depth and function of photon emission profiles: 6MV and 15MV measured with radiofrequency hydrophobic films; measurement of doses in selected cross sections of the anthropomorphic phantom.


Material and method

            A number of measuring devices and materials used in daily work by staff of the Medical Physics Department of the Greater Poland Cancer Centre were used to carry out the study part, but Alderson's anthropomorphic phantom and the radiochromic films in the form of point detectors were essential. In addition to each step of the research part, a special measuring system was prepared to reproduce the conditions prevailing during the TBI session as closely as possible. The research was carried out in three stages: Calibration of radiochromic films;
PDD and OCR measurement for: 6MV and 15MV photon beam under TBI conditions;
Measurement of dose distribution in selected anthropomorphic phantom's cross sections using radiochromic films in the form of point detectors.

 

Results
            For the lateral field irradiated with 6MV photon beam, the maximum compliance (less than 2%) was obtained for the elbows at the entrance and in the center of the phantom; abdomen for the detector positioned in the center of the phantom, the lungs at the entrance and the arms in the middle, and the neck at the position of the film at the entrance. In the case of the lateral field X 15MV, the highest correspondence occurred for the points: the head and the PC in the position of the film in the center of the phantom and the entrance neck. In the case of AP/PA fields for 6MV energy, the highest compatibility was obtained for the mediastinum in all positions of the film. A small difference was also obtained for the points: head in the middle and at the output of the beam; as well as PC on the output. For AP/PA X 15MV fields, the highest dose compliance not exceeding 1% was obtained for the location of the neck - at the beam entrance, and the lung and mediastinum at the detector position at the center of the phantom.


Conclusions
            On the basis of measurements of dose distribution at selected points of the patient's body for radiation X: 6MV and 15MV in the TBI procedure, the following conclusions can be made:
Gafchromic EBT (radiochromic type film) can be successfully used for dosimetric measurements, among others. Due to their properties, such as the ability to cut from the sheet of film spot detectors of any shape and size, flexibility, low sensitivity to daylight, resistance to humidity, etc.; Their main drawback is the high cost of buying films and the long time required to prepare the detectors and then read the measured doses. Because of the low popularity of point-based EBTs in point dosing, further research is needed to improve their response to ionizing radiation.
There is a noticeable increase in the difference between the dose calculated and measured as the distance between the position of individual detectors increases from the center point.
The difference between the dose measured and planned in any of the cases examined does not exceed 9%. The measurements show that the method used is fast, accurate, and can be successfully used as a validation tool not only for the TBI procedure but also for other methods of cancer radiotherapy.

https://doi.org/10.21641/los.16.1.90
PDF (Język Polski)

References

Joint publication, Whole Body Radiotherapy, Guidelines in Radio – Oncology, June 2003;

Podgorsak E. B., Radiation Oncology Phisics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students, IAEA, Vienna 2005, s. 516 - 521;

www.szpik.info, entrance: 22.06.2013r.;

Joint publication, Białaczka i inne choroby nowotworowe krwi. Mały poradnik pacjenta, Klinika Hematologii Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków;

Konopka L. (red.), Choroby rozrostowe układu krwiotwórczego;

Krajowa Baza Danych Nowotworowych, http://epid.coi.waw.pl/krn/, entrance: 25.06.2013r.;

www.leukemia.pl/rodzaje-transplantacji.html, entrance: 02.07.2013r.;

Barker Ch. A., Yahalom J., Total Body Irradiation, [w:] Gunderson L.L, Tepper J.E., Clinical Radiation Oncology, Elsevier 2011, s. 345 – 359;

Malicki J., Zwierzchowski G., Piotrowski T., Kosicka G., Rozkłady dawek podczas napromieniania całego ciała, Zeszyty Naukowe Wielkopolskiego Centrum Onkologii, Poznań 2006, 3(2) 47 – 63;

Quast U., Whole body radiotherapy: A TBI-guideline, Jourlal of Medical Physics 2006, (31): 5 – 12;

Galvin J. M., Total Body Irradiation. Dosimetry and Practical Considerations, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia;

Joint publication, The physical aspects of Total and half body photon irradiation, AAPM Repport No. 17, 1986;

The Alderson radiation therapy phantom. The worldwide standard for quality assurance for radiation therapy, www.rsdphantoms.com/rt_art.htm, entrance: 04.04.2013r.;

User Guide: Gafchromic EBT Self – Developing Film For Radiotherapy Dosimetry, 2006;

User Giude: I’mRT Phantom, A smart modular phantom, IBA 2009;

www.ptw.de, entrance: 17.06.2013r.;

www.microtek.com, entrance: 18.06.2013r.;

Piotrowski T., Wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące planowania leczenia w radioterapii. Poznań, Wielkopolskie Centrum Onkologii;

Su F., Shi C., Stathakis S., Papanikolaou N., Application of Gafchromic EBT Film for in Vivo Dosimetry with Total Body Irradiation (TBI) Radiotherapy. Med. Phys. 34, 2420 (2007);

Esquivel C., Smith M.S., Stathakis S., Gutierrez A., Shi C., Papanikolau N., In Vivo Dose Measurements for Total Body Irradiation, AAPM Annual Meeting, July 2009 Anaheim, California;

Malicki J., Kosicka G., Stryczyńska G., Wachowiak J., Porównanie rozkładu dawek w ciele chorego podczas napromieniania całego ciała w technice radioterapii Co-60 i akceleratorem X 15MeV. Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy, 1999, 4(4): 116;

Malicki J., Kosicka G. Napromienianie całego ciała dawką 5 Gy w chorobach rozrostowych układu krwionośnego. Report of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy, 2004, 9 (S2): 264;

Wszyscy autorzy pracy muszą wyrazić pisemną zgodę na jej publikację. Oświadczenie pierwszego autora, że wszyscy współautorzy zapoznali się z praca i wyrazili zgodę na jej publikację jest również akceptowane. W momencie przyjęcia pracy do publikacji wszelkie prawa do jej wykorzystania przechodzą na właściciela czasopisma i jego praw autorskich. Praca nie może zostać opublikowana w żadnym innym wydawnictwie do czasu wykorzystania jej przez Redakcję Czasopisma. Po opublikowaniu praca pozostaje własnością Wielkopolskiego Centrum Onkologii, a jakiekolwiek jej wykorzystanie w całości lub w części, bez względu na nośnik i język, możliwe jest tylko po uzyskaniu pisemnej zgody Redakcji, która jest wyłącznym wydawcą i dystrybutorem czasopisma , z podaniem źródła.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.