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W ostatnich latach co raz większe zainteresowanie wzbudza tzw. płynna biopsja (ang. liquid biopsy) polegająca na analizie tzw. krążących komórek nowotworu (ang. circulating tumor cells, CTC) i /lub fragmentów DNA (ang. circilating tumor DNA, ctDNA) pochodzących z komórek nowotworowych w krwi obwodowej. CTC to komórki, które przeniknęły z guza pierwotnego do światła naczyń krwionośnych i są przenoszone w organizmie w krążeniu krwi. Uważa się, że komórki te stanowią źródło rozwoju choroby przerzutowej, a ich wykrywanie i analiza może mieć znaczenie w prognozowaniu przebiegu rozwoju nowotworu. CTC zostały po raz pierwszy opisane już w 1869 roku przez Thomasa Ashwortha, który postulował, że „komórki te obecne w krwi obwodowej, identyczne
z komórkami guza, mogą tłumaczyć obecność wielu guzów tego samego typu u jednego chorego”. Ostatnie badania potwierdzają przydatność oznaczania liczby komórek krążących nowotworu jako narzędzia prognostycznego i markera postępu choroby.
Bibliografia
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