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RNAi
siRNA
miRNA
terapia genowa
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Abstrakt
Rak płaskonabłonkowy rejonu głowy i szyi (HNSCC, ang. Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma) jest szóstym najczęściej występującym nowotworem na świecie. Leczenie tego typu nowotworów polega głównie na stosowaniu metod chirurgicznych uzupełnionych pooperacyjną chemio- i/lub radioterapią. Prowadzone są też badania nad zastosowaniem terapii genowej poprzez wykorzystanie zjawiska interferencji RNA (RNAi, ang. RNA interference). RNAi jest efektywnym narzędziem w terapii wielu chorób, takich jak zakażenia wirusowe, cukrzyca czy choroby neurodegeneracyjne. Wykazano, że cząsteczki siRNA (krótkie interferujące RNA, ang. small interfering RNA) oraz miRNA (mikroRNA, ang. microRNA) zaangażowane są w regulację wielu patologicznych procesów zachodzących podczas nowotworzenia. RNAi stała się zatem cennym narzędziem badawczym pozwalającym na lepsze poznanie mechanizmów regulujących patogenezę raka. Uważa się również, że dzięki swojej wysokiej specyficzności, zjawisko RNAi może być użytecznym narzędziem w terapii genowej nowotworów. Niniejsza praca stanowi przegląd aktualnej wiedzy na temat możliwości wykorzystania RNAi w leczeniu nowotworów rejonu głowy i szyi.
Bibliografia
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